The above links to a repository containing the code used for the user studies conducted in this project, which uses MuJoCo and the robosuite simulation framework. This includes models of the end-effectors tested, simulation environments corresponding to the tasks, and functionality to record success and completion time. It also includes the teleoperation code, which requires the oculus_reader library, mapping user input to robot action.
If you have any questions or require more information, please send an email to rthom@alumni.stanford.edu.
Operation in constrained and cluttered spaces poses a challenge for robotic manipulators, in part due to their bulky link geometry and kinematic limitations in comparison to human hands and arms. To address these limitations, we introduce SLIM, a custom end-effector consisting of a bidirectional hand and an integrated 2-axis wrist. With an opposing thumb that tucks alongside the palm and fingers that bend in both directions, the hand is shaped like an articulated paddle for reaching through gaps and maneuvering in clutter. Series elastic actuation decouples finger inertia from motor inertia, enabling use of small, highly-geared motors for forceful grasps while maintaining a low effective end-point mass. The thumb is mounted on a prismatic axis that adjusts grasp width for large or small objects. We illustrate advantages of the design over conventional solutions with a computed increase in grasp acquisition region, decrease in swept volume when reorienting objects, and reduced end-point mass. SLIM’s thin form factor enables faster and more successful teleoperated task completion in constrained environments compared to a conventional parallel-jaw gripper. Additionally, its bidirectional fingers allow demonstrators to complete a sequential picking task more efficiently than with an anthropomorphic hand.
SLIM's hand can be reproduced with 3D printed parts and off-the-shelf components.
The finger and palm pads are cast from urethane (Smooth-On Ecoflex™ 00-30).
The Onshape assembly for the hand can be found here.
SLIM's differential wrist is cheaply and easily reproducable with 3D printed parts and off-the-shelf components.
Below, we include a bill of materials and simple assembly instructions.
An Onshape file containing ready-to-print or modify parts can be found here.
1. 3D Print Custom Components
2. Tap Holes in 3D Printed Parts: see image below for reference.
3. Solder Encoders to Motors: see link in BOM for instructions.
4. Mount Motors to Forearm Pieces: using M2.5 screws.
5. Press Bearings into Side Gears and Output Gear
6. Insert Set Screws into Motor Pinions and Attach to Motor Shafts
7. Insert M4 Nut into Shaft Support Block
8. Assemble Gears: Place each Side Gear in correct position, insert shoulder bolt, and faster to Shaft Support Holder. Place Output Gear in correct position and fasten to Shaft Support Holder with shoulder bolt, adding shims between the head of the shoulder bolt and the ball bearing.
9. Attach Hand of Choice: The Output Gear has 4 tapped M3 x 0.5mm holes for mounting a hand.
10. Attach Forearm to Robot Arm:The Forearm contains mounting holes for M6 screws and is compatible with most standard robot arms, including UR series, Franka, and Flexiv.